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KEY WORDS: NGO, SHG, Empowerment, Federation, Community Development, Awareness, Facilitation
Non- governmental organizations are playing imperative role in the empowerment of women. They adopt multiple strategies to improve the condition of the women. Non -governmental organizations are training women in various aspects to make them to come out of their inhibitions and to involve in fruitful activity. Non -governmental organizations have come to occupy an important place in India. Non Governmental organizations are legally constituted organizations created by private organizations or people with no participation or representation of any government. They render help to government and society for the improvement of quality of life of people and also animals from education to health, environment and poverty alleviation. The scope of NGOs operational areas touches every walk of life (Patel, Dubey, 2010). The spread NGO activities in the country, as in many other parts of the world, are manifested in a number of spheres and in a wide spectrum of programmes. In welfare programmes, development oriented activities, empowering women and weaker sections, protecting the rights of marginalized segments, protecting the environment, spreading literacy and education to name a few, the contribution of NGO sector is impressive since independence. According to one estimate, there are one million NGOs in the country (Jain, 1997). However, the growth has not been geographically uniform in different parts of the country (Dhilon and Hansra 1995, Gangrade, 1987, GOI, 1985). It is difficult to say any association between the number of voluntary organizations and the size of the population. Highly populated states like Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, for instance, have a very weak presence of voluntary organizations (Gangrade, 1987). Some states, like Maharashtra, West Bengal, Gujarat, and Kerala are ahead of others in the number of organizations (Chowdhry, 1971). Noting that NGOs get “mind-boggling” funds and it has become a “major problem,” the Supreme Court on Wednesday said it will consider asking the Law Commission of India to bring an effective law to regulate the flow of money to a total 29.99 lakh NGOs functioning in the country.
“This is a major problem. They are getting money from all over the world. Mind-boggling...” Chief Justice of India T.S. Thakur observed. The Bench, also comprising Justice A.M. Khanwilkar, asked senior advocate Rakesh Dwivedi to assist the court in finding a way to deal with the issue and, if necessary, refer to the Law Commission. “We can refer to the Law Commission to bring a law to control the NGOs... at least for the future, we want to know whether we can do some exercise to regulate these organisations,” the CJI observed, posting the case for urgent hearing on Monday next. Advocate M.L. Sharma, the petitioner in the case, submitted that 80 per cent of the NGOs get foreign funds. He claimed that “retired government employees and politicians run these NGOs drawing on their influence.” To this, the CJI reacted: “What is an NGO? Anyone can register a society and it becomes an NGO... There is no legal brain work done at the Central level to control them. Unless some mechanism is put in place centrally, nothing can be done.” The CBI records filed in the Supreme Court in the case show that only 2,90,787 NGOs file annual financial statements of a total of 29,99,623 registered ones under the Societies Registration Act. In some States, the CBI said the laws do not even provide for the NGOs to be transparent about their financial dealings. In the Union Territories, of a total of 82,250 NGOs registered and functioning, only 50 file their returns. Highest number of NGOs New Delhi has the highest number of registered NGOs among the Union Territories at 76,566. But none of these organisations submit returns, the CBI chart showed. In Kerala, which has 3,69,137 NGOs, there is no legal provision to submit returns. The same is the case for Punjab with 84,752 and Rajasthan with 1.3 lakh NGOs. Uttar Pradesh, which has the highest number of NGOs at 5.48 lakh among 26 States, has only about 1.19 lakh filing returns. Tamil Nadu has about 1.55 lakh NGOs registered, however, only 20,277 file returns. Andhra Pradesh has 2.92 lakh NGOs, but only 186 file financial statements annually. West Bengal has 2.34 lakh registered NGOs, of which only 17,089 active NGOs file annual returns. Courtesy The Hindu Thursday, September 15, 2016  Abstract
NGOs are ‘Voluntary Organisations’ involved in community initiatives, which is featured with self propelled initiatives that steers to resolve community needs, and non-profit motives. The NGO mobilize resources with a goal to find an end to a particular need of the community and this is how it differs from Business organisations. Thus the principles of Business Organisations and NGOs differ not only in their size, composition, objectivities etc but also in the motive –Profit and Non- Profit, respectively, which makes the ultimate difference in the operative principles. The better understanding and internalization of the various aspects like Marketing, Human resource Management, Finance etc, of Business Management is the key to an efficient working of a Business Organisation. And hence serves as an evidence for the necessity of research and understanding of NGOs for the efficient functioning of the same.  The Indian Companies Act 2013 has considerably impacted the relationship that companies used to have with NGOs. From acting as ‘benevolent giver’ to ‘grateful beneficiaries (NGOs)’ the relationship has evolved to one of partnership and collaborative action. In fact, under the CSR Rules NGOs are referred to as the company's “implanting agency” for CSR activities.
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