UNIT-VII, Social Work Research

Multiple Choice Questions-1

1) Which of the following is a form of research typically conducted by teachers, counselors, and other professionals to answer questions they have and to specifically help them solve local problems?
     a.      Action research
     b.      Basic research   
     c.      Predictive research
     d.      Orientational research
Ans :- A

2) How much confidence should we place in a single research study?
     a.      We should completely trust a single research study.
     b.      We should trust research findings after different 
              researchers have found the same findings
     c.      Neither a nor b
     d.      Both a and b
Ans :- B

3) Which form of reasoning is the process of drawing a specific conclusion from a set of premises?
     a.      Rationalism
     b.      Deductive reasoning
     c.       Inductive reasoning
     d.      Probabilistic
Ans :-  B

4) Research that is done to examine the findings of someone else using the “same variables but different people” is which of the following?
     a.      Exploration  
     b.      Hypothesis   
     c.      Replication        
     d.      Empiricism
Ans :- C

5) ________________ is the idea that knowledge comes from experience.
     a.      Rationalism  
     b.      Deductive reasoning  
     c.      Logic   
     d.      Empiricism
Ans :- D

6) According to the text, what are the five key objectives of science?
     a.      Prediction, summary, conclusion, explanation, 
              description
     b.      Influence, prediction, questions, exploration, answers
     c.      Exploration, description, explanation, prediction, 
              influence
     d.      Questions, answers, prediction, explanation, summary
Ans :- C

7) A researcher designs an experiment to test how variables interact to influence how well children learn spelling words. In this case, the main purpose of the study was:
     a.      Explanation
     b.      Description
     c.      Influence
     d.      Prediction
Ans :- A

8) Which of the following is not a characteristic of a good theory or explanation?
     a.      It is parsimonious
     b.      It is testable   
     c.      It is general enough to apply to more than one place, 
              situation, or person         
     d.      All of the above are characteristics of good theories
Ans :- D

9) Which of the following is not a basic assumption of science?
     a.      Science cannot provide answers to all questions
     b.      It is possible to distinguish between more and less 
              plausible claims
     c.      Researchers should follow certain agreed upon norms 
              and practices
     d.      Science is best at solving value conflicts, such as 
              whether abortion is immoral
Ans :- D

10) What general type of research is focused on collecting information to help a researcher advance an ideological or political position?
     a.      Evaluation research
     b.      Basic research
     c.      Action research
     d.      Orientational research
Ans :- D

11) Which “scientific method” follows these steps: 1) observation/data, 2) patterns, 3) theory?
     a.      Inductive      
     b.      Deductive
     c.      Inductive       
     d.      Top down
Ans :- A

12) Rene Descartes is associated with which of the following approached to knowledge generation?
     a.      Empiricism       
     b.      Rationalism
     c.      Expert opinion
     d.      None of the above
Ans :- B

13) Which scientific method is a top-down or confirmatory approach?
     a.      Deductive method
     b.      Inductive method
     c.       Hypothesis method
     d.      Pattern method
Ans :- A

14) Which scientific method is a bottom-up or generative approach to research?
     a.      Deductive method
     b.      Inductive method
     c.      Hypothesis method
     d.      Pattern method
Ans :- B

15) Which scientific method focuses on testing hypotheses developed from theories?
     a.      Deductive method
     b.      Inductive method
     c.      Hypothesis method
     d.      Pattern method
Ans :- A

16) Which scientific method often focuses on generating new hypotheses and theories?
     a.      Deductive method
     b.      Inductive method
     c.      Hypothesis method
     d.      Pattern method
Ans :- B

17) Which of the following statements is true of a theory?
     a.      It most simply means “explanation”
     b.      It answers the “how” and “why” questions
     c.      It can be a well developed explanatory system
     d.      All of the above are correct
Ans :- D

18) Which of the following best describes quantitative research?
     a.      The collection of nonnumerical data
     b.      An attempt to confirm the researcher’s hypotheses
     c.      Research that is exploratory
     d.      Research that attempts to generate a new theory
Ans :- B

19) A condition or characteristic that can take on different values or categories is called ___.
     a.      A constant
     b.      A variable
     c.      A cause-and-effect relationship
     d.      A descriptive relationship
Ans :- B

20) A variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable is called a(n):
     a.      Categorical variable
     b.      Dependent variable
     c.      Independent variable
     d.      Intervening variable
Ans :- C

21) All of the following are common characteristics of experimental research except:
     a.      It relies primarily on the collection of numerical data
     b.      It can produce important knowledge about cause and 
              effect
     c.       It uses the deductive scientific method
     d.      It rarely is conducted in a controlled setting or 
              environment
Ans :- D

22. Qualitative research is often exploratory and has all of the following characteristics except:
     a.      It is typically used when a great deal is already known 
              about the topic of interest
     b.      It relies on the collection of nonnumerical data such as 
              words and pictures
     c.      It is used to generate hypotheses and develop theory 
              about phenomena in the world
     d.      It uses the inductive scientific method
Ans :- A

23) What is the key defining characteristic of experimental research?
     a.      Extraneous variables are never present
     b.      A positive correlation usually exists
     c.      A negative correlation usually exists
     d.      Manipulation of the independent variable
Ans :- D

24) In _____, random assignment to groups is never possible and the researcher cannot manipulate the independent variable.
     a.      Basic research
     b.      Quantitative research
     c.       Experimental research
     d.      Causal-comparative and correlational research
Ans :- D

25)What is the defining characteristic of experimental research?
     a.      Resistance to manipulation
     b.      Manipulation of the independent variable
     c.      The use of open-ended questions
     d.      Focuses only on local problems
Ans :- B

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