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Special Articles / Ashok Antony D'Souza / Social Development through Social Work In this concluding chapter of the book, let us try to understand the reasons for the failure of social policies and planning in India in achieving Social Development and see how social workers could partner with the government in ensuring that Social Development for all its citizens is achieved at the earliest.
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Special Articles / Ashok Antony D'Souza / Social Development through Social Work In this section we shall see different aspects of Social Development of the marginalized communities such as women, children, aged, scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and minorities. We shall also try to understand how the government has strived for their development through the formulation of social policies and implementation of different social legislation.
Special Articles / Ashok Antony D'Souza / Social Development through Social Work In this chapter, we shall attempt to understand how India has tried to achieve Social Development by trying to formulate and implement social policies and planning directed towards some thrust areas such as land reforms, education, health and nutrition, employment, social protection, population and family welfare, and environment and ecology.
Special Articles / Ashok Antony D'Souza / Social Development through Social Work The basic source of social policy is the Constitution of any country and varied kinds of social enactments made there under because the Constitution acts like a fountainhead wherefrom flow all the directions in the light of which specific laws promoting proper human and social development are enacted. Similarly, human rights form the basis of any social policy today as most of the countries are members of United Nations Organization which spearheads human rights movement and would have ratified most of its conventions. Hence, in this chapter let us try to understand how the ideals of Indian Constitution and that of Human Rights form a basis for the formulation of social policy and enactment of social legislation.
Special Articles / Ashok Antony D'Souza / Social Development through Social Work The state in developing countries occupies a pivotal position in welfare, redistribution, rebuilding and modernization. The ultimate aim of all these is supposed to be Social Development. This is believed to be made possible through a slew of Social Policies and Planning. Hence, in this chapter, we shall try to understand the theoretical perspectives underlying the concepts of Social Policy and Social Planning.
Special Articles / Ashok Antony D'Souza / Social Development through Social Work The concept of social development has a long history. We shall try to understand its historical progress in the Western world first and then in the Indian context.
History of Social Development in the West The idea of social development has been part of western social thought for more than 2500 years. However, the need for Social Development was realized and discussed in the wake of myriad problems experienced by vulnerable communities in the era of industrialization and urbanization which were the inevitable part of the developmental agenda known popularly as ‘modernization’. Special Articles / Ashok Antony D'Souza / Social Development through Social Work All modern nation states - as they profess to be democratic and are elected on the basis of the promises made to all their constituencies – have to carry out social welfare and developmental functions. This they are expected to do by regulating the social and economic relations so as to ensure the wellbeing of all its citizens. Social Workers, while meeting people’s individual, group, community and societal needs independently, partner with their governments in ensuring that right kind of social policies are framed and implemented effectively through proper planning so that people are not just relieved of their penury but are also enabled to lead an empowered and dignified life. Hence, through the methods such as Community Organization, Social Work Administration, Social Action and Social Work Research, professional Social Workers have ample opportunity to realize their social work goals by influencing social policies and planning from micro to macro levels.
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