 Reviewed by Sachita B Rudrapuri Under the Guidance of Prof. Ravindra D Gadkar Malcolm Payne (born 13 June 1947),is a retired Polish-English academic and writer in the field of Social Work. He was director, psycho-social and spiritual care taker at St. Christopher’s Hospice. He had broad experience of social work having worked in probation, mental health, day care, social work and spiritual care. He is best known for his ‘Modern social work’ theory textbook.
Systematic thought and modern scientific practices regarding social work are of recent origin. In old tribal societies, the aged, the mentally feeble and the disabled were either cared for or neglected according to the affections, abilities or traditions of the groups. In some, the aged were respected and their advice sought, while in others they were considered a burden and were neglected. The disabled were disregarded and even killed off at birth.
Introduction
A survey, whether in India or abroad, reveals the relative absence of theoretical and analytical literature dealing with social welfare-its nature, goal, function and evolution. This is more so with regard to the Indian situation. A limited attempt at the theoretical analysis of social welfare in the Indian social context has been made by only Gore. Explaining his approach to social welfare, Gore makes reference to the relationship between social welfare and social structure in some of his writings. He also states that his approach is sociological.  Abstract
Bipolar Affective Disorder (BPAD) is a psychological illness that involves severe mood swings. These mood swings take the form of depression or mania and may last for several months at a time. Depression which effects both the mind and the body and it is a leading cause of disability, workplace absenteeism, decreased productivity and high suicide rates (Michaud, et al 2001). During mania patients often have increased libido, need less sleep, have excessive energy and can sometimes engage in risky behaviour (such as gambling excessively) or can even become violent. In this regard an effort has made to explain the management of a case which is diagnosed as Bipolar Affective Disorder currently Mania with Psychotic Symptoms, detailed psychosocial assessment explored significant factors wherein he was not able to cope up with the same. Multidisciplinary team work helped him to reach a better functional level. Keywords: Bipolar Affective Disorder, Mania, Depression, Psychotic Symptoms  Alcohol and other psycho-active drugs that can lead to addiction are collectively referred to as ‘substances’. Substances like alcohol are viewed in some countries or cultures as legal whereas drugs like cannabis and heroin are considered illegal. Medically used drugs such as pain killers and sleeping tablets can also lead to addiction when used without the doctor’s advice or in a larger quantity or frequency than prescribed.
 House is the place which has lot of importance in the lives of all the human beings. As a human being, we all dream for a own and beautiful house. Every individual dream for building a house. With the increased demand for the construction structures or architectures the demand for building and other construction workers has also been increasing. The construction industry has demand for plenty of workers and so do many people enter into the field of construction industry as it doesn’t demand any particular qualification or complicated skillset. We all keep seeing how many construction workers keep working on road sides or outside exposing themselves to sun, rain, winter or dust. The nature of work involved itself is very hard but instead of people being respected about the risks they take in their work, or the physical hard work they do in their occupation, construction workers not treated with much respect. They are treated as of low status.
 The state in developing countries occupies a pivotal position in welfare, redistribution, rebuilding and modernization. The ultimate aim of all these is supposed to be Social Development. This is believed to be made possible through a slew of Social Policies and Planning. Hence, we shall try to understand the theoretical perspectives underlying the concepts of Social Policy and Social Planning.
 In the evolution of social welfare in India, like in many countries, two broad trends can be noticed: reform of the society and the provision of specific services to the handicapped and disadvantaged individuals and groups. Much before the beginning of social reform during the nineteenth century, there were several religious reform movements by the saints. They were revolting against the religious inequality and in some cases against social inequality as well. They fought against the prevalent practice of excluding the lower groups in society from opportunities to worship God, and their access to religious knowledge. Some of them attempted to remove the social discrimination by preaching that all human beings were equal before God.
 Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder which is synonymous with unforeseen seizures that affect multiple domains of an individual’s lives. The impact of the disease is seen among all age groups and it is the fourth most widespread neurological disorder. It has been seen that the stigma and the discrimination attached to the disease by the society is more challenging to handle compared to the physical symptoms. The epileptic seizures tend to affect the personal as well as the professional lives of the individuals and also interfere with common activities such as driving along with the safety of the person. Key words: epilepsy, psycho-social intervention, seizures  Even though the concept of sexual harassment is as old as the history of mankind, its implication at the work place has received attention in recent times. In fact until the verdict in Vishaka Vs. State of Rajasthan (1997) case by the Supreme Court of India in 1997, there were no official guidelines to deal with the subject. The case relates to an alleged gang rape of a social worker in a village of Rajasthan. In this case the court opined that sexual harassment at work place amounts to violation of individual rights guaranteed under Article 14 (equality before law); 15 (prohibition of discrimination on the ground of sex,); 19 (right to practice freely any profession, trade or occupation); 42 (provision for humane conditions of work), and the citizens duties under Article 51A to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
Social work is the professional activity of helping individuals, groups, or communities enhance or restore their capacity for social functioning and creating societal conditions favourable to this goal. Social work practice consists of the professional application of social work values, principles, and techniques to one or more of the following ends: helping people obtain tangible services; counselling and psychotherapy with individuals, families, and groups; helping communities or groups provide or improve processes (adopted by National Association of Social Workers). Service, social justice, dignity, integrity, and interpersonal relationships form the underlying values of social work orientations. Social work promotes social change and problem-solving and enables the wellbeing of people through empowerment and liberation. Social workers are required to serve as change agents and play a key role in influencing individuals, families, and the society they serve. Hence, the impact of any social initiative largely depends on the people driving and implementing it. The practice of social work requires knowledge of human development and behaviour; of social, economic, and cultural institutions; and of the interactions of all these factors. In this context, people’s maturity assumes great significance in driving social work practice towards excellence.
 Yallappa Kombinoor Abstract
The paper is based on the secondary sources on the issues of ethical values, curriculum, education and violation against women in India. It argues that ethical values are the core aspect to prevent and mitigate the issues of atrocities and violation against women in a patriarchic society like India. It also offers suggestion to skirminish violation against women. One of the measures is to imbibe ethical values to the younger generation by updating such issues in the curriculum. Key Words: Ethics, Curriculum, Violation, Gender Equality
Abstract
The present paper analyses the health status of the rural women in India. Ageing is a global phenomenon. In India, majority of 75 percent of elderly persons reside in rural areas out of which about 48.2 percent comprise women. Today these elderly women face miserable conditions in their life; women are an especially vulnerable group. An overwhelming portion of this group are widows who, in India, suffer multiple miseries—being women, being widows, being poor, living longer, more ago lives than men. The ageing of the 80+, with numerous morbidities, needs more attention. This section of people suffers more on account of disability, chronic disease, terminal illness, dementia and depression, accidents, falls, nutritional deficiencies, loneliness, etc. Furthermore, they are subjected to elderly abuse, sharpened by neglect and isolation, which makes them financially and emotionally dependent on their families and others. Changing Family Context and Adolescent Wellbeing: Relevance of FamilySocial Work Interventions12/23/2018
Abstract
Adolescence is a transition period where adolescent children become increasingly independent from their families but the existing literature reiterates that family is central to the healthy development and transition of adolescents. But, adolescents as well as the families today, are in a fast paced changing society which significantly influences both. The changes in the society not only pose a threat to family as a primary social environment for human development but also present demands on it to function better. In this article, the authors take a closer look at the demands and challenges of the family context today and analyses the effect of a social work family intervention for strengthening family as a critical context for healthy adolescent development. Keywords: Family context, adolescent well being, family strengths, family intervention.
Abstract
The child labour is the phenomenon which is observed to be widely prevalent in most of the developing economies of the world including India. The children in the economically poor and socially deprived families are sent to work in their early child hood to supplement the family income as the families do not have enough resources to send them to schools and make them honour their childhood. Though India is signatory of various international conventions and agreements like ILO, UNICEF child labour in India still persists and it is not completely eradicated. In the Indian context the past two decades are considered as “Complete intellectual triumph of the trinity of liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation.” According to the data released by the Planning Commission on 22 July, 2013, poverty in India has declined from 37.2 percent in 2004-05 to 21.9 percent by 2011-12. Digital Literacy among Rural Youths at Jarauthi Village, Aligarh: Status and Intervention12/23/2018
Abstract:
This study focuses on the accessibility and usability of digital infrastructure and knowledge of using various online services. This study is conducted to understand and explore the status of digital literacy among youths at Jarauthi Village, Aligarh. The study uses both primary and secondary data, to understand the vision and perspectives at the policy level and to analyze the ground realities at the village level. The total sample of the present study is 60 educated youth (32 Male and 28 Female) and data has been collected through purposive sampling. The paper also discusses certain measures for the successful implementation of National Digital Literacy Mission in light of the findings of the study. Keywords: Digital Literacy, Information Communication Technology, Good Governance, Digitalisation  Gangadhar B. Sonar Abstract
The paper is an attempt to see whether the variables family and gender have anything to do with manifestation of life stress among the professional postgraduate students. It explores the manifestation of stress in the areas of personal, familial, economic, academic and social. The level of stress has been measured using a seven point Likert scale measuring life stress from no stress to the stress of unbearable extent. It is found that students have life stress of various levels. Personal, family, social, economic and academic aspects have a bearing on developing life stress. The variables family and gender have significant difference with select variables in developing life stress. It is suggested that the student mentoring system and stress prevention, intervention need to be introduced in order to help students to cope up successfully. Key Words: Life Stress, Family, Gender, Professional Postgraduate students. Positive Youth Development among Rural Youth: A Study of Bandar Sindri Village of Central Rajasthan12/22/2018  Suman Rana Abstract
The emerging discipline of Positive Youth Development (PYD) asserts that though issues exist among youths, they can realize their life aspiration and nurture their assets through appropriate guidance and therefore become key contributors to the society. This approach further proposes that when necessary resources or skill building programmes are provided to the younger generation to enhance their inbuilt ability such as competence, confidence, connection and caring members of the community with good character, than they can become agents of social transformation and social contributors towards their family, community, and society. Women Empowerment and Sustainable Livelihood Through Micro- Enterprises Development in Kerala12/21/2018  Sulfikar C Abstract
Limited savings and lack of access to credit life make difficult for many poor people, particularly women in low-income countries, to become self-employed and to undertake productive employment and income-generating ventures (Khandker, 1998). Kudumbashree was launched by the Government of Kerala in 1998 to wipe out the absolute poverty from the state through community actions under the leadership of local self-governments. At present, the programme has covered 39.97 lakh members and its benefits get more than 50% of the households of Kerala, based on three critical components like micro credit, entrepreneurship and empowerment (Kudumbashree Annual Report, 2015). The Sustainable Livelihood (SL) is recognizing the diverse dimensions of poverty and strengthen the poor people for adopt to secure their development (UNDP, 2009). The micro-enterprises for women are a commonly used strategy for women empowerment (Ganle, J. K., Afriyie, K., & Segbefia, A. Y., 2015) and livelihood promotion. This article documents the provisions for women empowerment and sustainable livelihood through micro-enterprises developments of Kudumbashree project in Kerala. Key words: Women empowerment, Micro-enterprises development, Sustainable livelihood, Kudumbashree in Kerala
Introduction
Health is an important aspect of human Resource development. Good health care facilities and essential for creating healthy citizen and society that can effectively contribute to social and economic development. With increased urbanization, industrialization, are contribution of health resistance and the changing nature of health problems has become a great concern for world today. Therefore three of eight millennium development goes 1) Emphasize on health , they are to reduce child mortality 2) To improve mental combat 3) To reduce HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases.  Ahfaz Khan Abstract
School is important for cognitive, creative and social development of children. So are the School Sanitation and Hygiene Education, necessary for the safe, secure and healthy environment for children to learn better and face the challenges of future life. Sanitation is one of the basic determinants of quality of life and human development index. Good sanitary practices go a long way in helping to prevent diseases. Hand washing and oral hygiene are the basic steps to maintaining good health. The present study is a school based survey undertaken among children in a state government Primary school in three villages of Sagar district with the objectives of finding out the prevalent status of personal hygiene in the study population and school’s role in promoting these practices among the students. The total sample was 100 students. The study was conducted using interview schedule and questionnaire from school authorities and parents of students and informal interaction with the school students. Most of the junior children carried their own water bottles to the school, while this practice decreased as they grew older and senior. Almost all the children adhered to the good habit of washing their hands after using the toilet, always, or at least most of the times, but the practice of using soap was variable. The present study revealed a generally good standard of hygiene amongst the study population. However, steps are required to be taken to improve the status of personal hygiene of all the school children, who are found lacking in this aspect, through various coordinated primordial as well as primary preventive measures like imparting health education. Keywords: Hand washing, Sanitation, School children, Toilet, Urban, Water  Abstract
This article provides information on Social Group Work practice in various nongovernmental organisations working in HIV/AIDS sector in Andhra Pradesh. The study observed that the NGOs started groups for children, adult and grannies affected by AIDS and also started positive networks to solve the problems by themselves. Social Group Work is a boon to the social work practitioners which make easy to work with groups. It may be difficult to initiate groups in HIV/AIDS sector due to stigma and discrimination but few NGOs have effectively implemented social group work practice with the HIV affected people. HIV/AIDS is one of the major social problems in developing countries like India. It is associated with Social Stigma and Discrimination and also barrier to development of the nations. Support groups are an instrument for the HIV infected people to reduce stigma and discrimination and promoted quality of life.  Abstract
Ground water levels are fast depleting in urban areas due to overdraft. It is an alternate source to limited surface water supplies. This paper provides count on tube wells estimating dependence, draft and depletion in Bangalore City Corporation. Survey of every bore wells was conducted every year with Governmental Agency is appreciable. The ground water management through legal regulation is needed in Bangalore City Corporation. The existing ground water laws should be strictly implemented for protection and preservation of ground water. Privatization of ground water needs attention in the light of right to drinking water as it threats to free access of safe drinking water. Keywords: Drinking water, Ground water, Bangalore, Pollution, Legal regulation  Abstract
The paper has probed and evaluated teachers’ opinions about the Kishori Awareness Program-a school based Life Skills Education for adolescent girls in the Kannada Medium Government schools in Hubli-Dharwad. This study is based on the premise that for effectiveness of such programs, dedication and commitment of teachers is vital. The findings revealed that commitment and allegiance of teachers was rather low as they were not involved in any other phase of developing or evaluating the program, except its implementation. It is therefore recommended for the teachers’ involvement at all levels of the program formulation or a thorough preparatory training to achieve their active participation and keen monitoring of their participation. Key words: Teachers’ opinions, School based Intervention, Life Skills Education for girls.  Abstract:
Women employment has become a common feature in India. People have started realizing that it is an aspect of equality in practice and it is essential for women empowerment. Work-life balance is a recent concept applied to all the types of working population. But its application has significance very much with working women population. Most of the present day women employees are able to balance between work and life, as work is an advantage for their economic independence and empowerment. The present article is an outcome of a research study, a part of a doctoral study of the author that highlights the factors that induce the work-life balance among women employees. |
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